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USL Pro Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USL_Pro

USL Championship
Organizing bodyUnited Soccer League
First season2011
CountryUnited States
ConfederationCONCACAF
Conferences
Number of clubs24
Level on pyramid2
Domestic cup(s)U.S. Open Cup
League cup(s)USL Cup
Current champion(s)Colorado Springs
Switchbacks FC
(2024)
Current Players' ShieldLouisville City FC
(2024)
Most championships
Most Players' ShieldsOrlando City SC (3)
Broadcaster(s)
Websiteuslchampionship.com
Current: 2025 season

The USL Championship (USLC) is a men's professional soccer league in the second tier of the United States league system. It is organized by the United Soccer League (USL) as its premier league for men above USL League One. Operating under a franchise model, 24 teams divided between the league's Eastern and Western conferences compete in an annual round-robin regular season, lasting from spring to fall. At the end of the season, the top team overall wins the Players' Shield, while the top eight teams in each conference advance to a playoff tournament culminating in the USL Championship final, which determines the champion. The league's teams also simultaneously compete in the U.S. Open Cup and USL Cup.

Playing its first season in 2011 as USL Pro, and later the USL, the league formed from the merger of the USL's preceding two pro leagues, after a number of clubs broke away to found the North American Soccer League. It was initially sanctioned by U.S. Soccer as a third-tier league, but was later promoted to the second tier in 2017. Reserve teams of Major League Soccer (MLS) franchises also competed in the league from 2014 to the advent of MLS Next Pro in 2022. The Championship adopted its current name following the re-establishment of a second pro league in 2019. A third pro league, tentatively named USL Division One, is currently being planned to supersede the Championship as the USL's premier league.

As of the 2024 season, Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC are the current champions, while Louisville City FC and Orlando City SC have won the most championships each (2). The current Players' Shield holders are Louisville City FC, while Orlando City SC have won the most Players' Shields (3). Three former USL Championship teams – Orlando City SC, FC Cincinnati, and Nashville SC – are now MLS franchises.

History

[edit]

Background

[edit]
Further information: USL First Division § History, and USSF Division 2 Professional League

Founding and first seasons (2010–2012)

[edit]
A rectangular badge with "USL PRO" printed on it; the "O" is depicted as a soccer ball.
Logo of USL Pro – the competition's original name from 2011 to 2014.

Though leaked by the Dayton Dutch Lions weeks prior,[1] the USL announced in a September 2010 press release the merger of its First and Second Division into the USL Pro, a new league with D3 status granted by U.S. Soccer.[2] The Lions, then a Premier Development League (PDL) team, joined the new competition alongside the five remaining Second Division clubs: the Charleston Battery, Charlotte Eagles, Harrisburg City Islanders, Pittsburgh Riverhounds, and Richmond Kickers;[3][4][5][6][7] and a reactivated Wilmington Hammerheads, who last played in the Second Division.[8] The Austin Aztex, the lone surviving First Division club, joined as Orlando City SC, after relocating to Orlando, Florida.[9][10] The Rochester Rhinos also joined, aborting their plan to defect from the USL to the NASL.[11]

USL Pro charter clubs
American Division
National Division
International Division
Bold Currently playing (2025)
Italics Left

USL President Tim Holt initially hoped to launch USL Pro with 14–20 teams across four conferences.[8][12] Two of these conferences were to be a "Caribbean" and "Western" division – the league added the Puerto Rico Soccer League's (PRSL) Puerto Rico United, River Plate Puerto Rico, and Sevilla FC Puerto Rico; and the Antigua Barracuda and Los Angeles Blues; as expansion teams to serve as "building blocks" for these divisions.[13][14][15] For the inaugural 2011 season, these five clubs were grouped in a "International" division, while the nine existing USL clubs and another expansion team, F.C. New York,[16] were divided into the "American" and "National" divisions.[17]

View of a football field with a large stand visible
The first match, a Richmond Kickers home game, took place at City Stadium (pictured) in April 2011.

The league's first match took place on April 2, 2011 at City Stadium in Richmond, Virginia, where the Kickers defeated Orlando City and Stanley Nyazamba scored the league's first goal.[18][19] The season initially structured the American and National divisions as a de facto single division, with their teams only occasionally playing International opponents.[20][21][22] However, financial issues plagued the three PRSL clubs, leading to their expulsion five weeks into the season.[23][24] The International division was abolished, and the Barracuda and Blues moved to the American and National divisions, respectively. The remaining twelve teams completed the season, and Orlando City were crowned as the inaugural champions.[25][26] F.C. New York, also weighed by financial issues, departed for the National Premier Soccer League at the end of the season.[27][28] The American and National divisions were replaced by a single eleven-team table in the 2012 season,[29] during which the Battery won the title.[30][31]

MLS partnership and expansion (2013–2016)

[edit]

In the 2013 season, affiliations with Major League Soccer (MLS) clubs began as part of a partnership that aimed to improve "player development, competition and the overall business" of American soccer, according to MLS executive Todd Durbin.[32][33][34] Phoenix FC and VSI Tampa Bay FC entered the league,[35][36][37] though both would fold with the Barracuda at the season's end – Phoenix FC had their franchise rights revoked for allegedly committing accounting fraud and wage theft,[38][39] while the Barracuda and VSI suffered from financial troubles.[40] The Barracuda's final season was one of only six in the history of soccer to be completed without a win or draw.[41] Phoenix FC's franchise rights were awarded to Arizona United SC, who began play the following season.[42] Orlando City earned their second USL Pro title in three years, which was seen as crucial in the club's successful bid to enter the MLS.[43]

Sacramento Republic FC (pictured) won the championship, and doubled the season average attendance record in their inaugural 2014 season.

Choosing not to affiliate with a USL club, the LA Galaxy founded a reserve team,[44] which entered the USL Pro in the 2014 season alongside Arizona United, Oklahoma City Energy FC, and Sacramento Republic FC.[45][46] The Los Angeles Blues rebranded as Orange County Blues FC.[47] The Republic concluded their inaugural season by winning the Championship and nearly doubling the league's average attendance record.[48][49][50] The Eagles and Lions exited for the PDL,[51] while Orlando City became the fifth USL club to gain promotion to the MLS.[52][53][54] Upon their exit, the Eagles and Orlando City sold their franchise rights to the Charlotte Independence and Louisville City FC respectively.[55][56]

Reserve teams fielded by MLS clubs, such as 2016 champions New York Red Bulls II (pictured), populated the league from 2014 to 2022.

The two clubs began play in the 2015 season of the USL, which dropped "Pro" from its name, alongside Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC, Saint Louis FC, and the Tusla Roughnecks.[57] A new Austin Aztex also joined, but entered a hiatus after the season due to financial troubles caused by a historic flood that damaged their home ground.[58][59] Inspired by the Galaxy, seven more MLS clubs fielded reserve teams into the USL, amid the demise of the MLS Reserve League.[60][61] The unprecedented growth from 13 to 24 teams necessitated the introduction of the "Eastern" and "Western" conferences, where teams played 22 intraconference and six interconference games,[62] and inspired the USL to apply for D2 status in early 2015.[57] The Rhinos broke all-time USL records for shutouts (17) and fewest goals allowed (15) on their way to their fourth and final USL title.[63][64]

FC Cincinnati (pictured) repeatedly broke attendance records during their tenure in the USL from 2016 to 2018.

Three more MLS reserve teams entered in the 2016 season,[65][66][67] alongside San Antonio FC,[68] MLS expansion bidders FC Cincinnati,[69] and Rio Grande Valley FC Toros – a "hybrid" club with independent ownership, but managed by the MLS's Houston Dynamo FC.[70][71][72] Cincinnati's inaugural season yielded three all-time USL records for single-match attendance, with the highest being 24,376.[73][74] The New York Red Bulls II became the first MLS reserve team to win a USL title.[75] The Hammerheads left for the PDL, despite a move to Baltimore, Maryland being reportedly planned by the club.[76][77]

D2 status, NASL demise, and restructure (2017–2019)

[edit]
Louisville City FC (pictured) won two consecutive championships in 2017 and 2018.

Seeking to arrest financial losses incurred while playing in the NASL, the Ottawa Fury and Tampa Bay Rowdies defected to the USL ahead of the 2017 season,[78][79] triggering a revocation of the NASL's D2 status, as its membership fell below the twelve required. As an interim solution, U.S. Soccer awarded a provisional D2 status to both the NASL and USL.[80][81] Reno 1868 FC also joined,[82] while the Montreal Impact folded their reserve team for a Fury affiliation.[83] Arizona United SC rebranded as Phoenix Rising FC, following its sale to an ownership group that included Premier League Hall of Famer Didier Drogba, who also signed for the club.[84][85][86] Louisville City won back-to-back championships in 2017 and 2018 – the latter by defeating the Rising in Drogba's final professional game.[87][88][89] At the end of 2017, the Rhinos entered a hiatus in an attempt to shore up new investors,[90][91] while Orlando City B (OCB) went on hiatus due to a lack of players and staff.[92]

Indy Eleven (pictured) were one of four NASL clubs to join the USL amid its collapse during 2017 and 2018.

For the 2018 season, the USL gained full D2 status, while the NASL was stripped of theirs.[93] A preliminary injunction against the decision was denied, leading to the NASL's collapse, and its clubs scattering.[94][95][96] Two of them, Indy Eleven and North Carolina FC,[97][98] joined the USL alongside Fresno FC, Las Vegas Lights FC,[99][100] and MLS expansion bidders Nashville SC.[101] A fifth NASL club, San Diego 1904 FC, were denied entry as concerns arose over its ownership, home ground, and lack of local investment.[102][103] Atlanta United entered their reserve team, while the Vancouver Whitecaps folded theirs for a Fresno affiliation.[104][105] The Islanders rebranded as Penn FC.[106] Having won their bid to enter the MLS,[107] Cincinnati's final season set all-time USL records for single-match attendance (31,478), average attendance (25,717), and total attendance (437,197).[108][109][110]

In 2019, the USL was split into the USL Championship (top) and USL League One (bottom).

After a decade playing as a single league, the USL returned to a two-division structure in the 2019 season. It rebranded its D2 league as the USL Championship and introduced a new D3 league, USL League One,[111] to which the Kickers, OCB, Penn, Rhinos, and Toronto FC II moved.[112][113][114] D.C. United's Loudoun United FC became the league's final MLS reserve team,[115] entering alongside Birmingham Legion FC,[116] El Paso Locomotive FC,[117] Hartford Athletic,[118] Memphis 901 FC,[119] and New Mexico United.[120] The Aztex returned from its hiatus after rebranding as Austin Bold FC.[121][122] Real Monarchs became the second and last MLS reserve team to win a USL title,[123][124] while New Mexico's successful debut earned the season's highest average attendance.[125][126] Having won their bid to join, Nashville became the seventh USL club to move to MLS.[127] Fresno went on hiatus after stadium plans fell through,[128] and the Fury folded after Concacaf and U.S. Soccer denied them permission to continue play in an American league.[129] Their franchise rights were sold to Miami FC, a National Independent Soccer Association (NISA) club that first played in the NASL.[130][131]

COVID 19 Impact (2020–2021)

[edit]
Main articles: 2020 USL Championship season and 2021 USL Championship season
Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the league and its clubs (Hartford Athletic pictured) continued to experience rapid growth.

San Diego Loyal SC began play in the 2020 season.[132] Saint Louis FC folded at the end of the 2020 season. At the time, the city was set to receive an MLS franchise, with St. Louis City SC ultimately starting play in 2023. A spokesperson for SLFC told Sports Illustrated in August 2020, "The ownership decided that with the financial impact of COVID-19 and MLS on the horizon, it didn't make sense to continue operations."[133] Also at the end of the 2020 season, two MLS clubs, the Philadelphia Union and Portland Timbers, withdrew their reserve sides, Philadelphia Union II and Portland Timbers 2, from the United Soccer League system.[134]

An expansion team was announced for the New York City borough of Queens to be named Queensboro FC.[135] Chicago and Oakland East Bay were both announced to launch by 2021,[136][137] but were indefinitely put on hold when they had issues in securing stadium plans.[138] The proposed East Bay club's bid had faltered due to stadium issues and its USL franchise rights were purchased by Oakland Roots SC, which had previously played in NISA, who started play in the USLC in the 2021 season.[139][140]

On November 6, 2020, Reno 1868 FC announced it was ceasing operations as a result of the financial and operational impacts of COVID-19.[141] On January 10, 2021, North Carolina FC club chairman Stephen Malik announced that the club would make a "strategic move" to USL League One.[142]

Detroit City FC (pictured) was one of three NISA clubs to join the USL Championship in a span of two years.

On February 1, 2021, Monterey Bay FC, which is a continuation of USLC's Fresno FC, joined the USL Championship since Beshoff, the owner of Fresno, was able to retain franchise rights after Fresno ceased operations due to lack of securing construction of a soccer-specific stadium, and landed the franchise in Monterey Bay at Cardinale Stadium on the campus of California State University, Monterey Bay in Seaside, California. On November 13, 2021, it was announced that Detroit City would join the USL Championship for the 2022 USL Championship season, becoming the third NISA team to join the league after Miami FC and Oakland Roots SC.[143] On December 2, 2021, Charlotte Independence decided to drop down to the third tier USL League One for 2022, with the goal of better serving its youth players, as well as the fact that a new expansion franchise in the city Charlotte FC was joining Major League Soccer that season, with whom several Independence players had signed for.[144][145]

On December 3, 2021, Oklahoma City Energy FC announced that it would temporarily suspend soccer operations and would not compete in the 2022 USL Championship season.[146] The decision came after Energy FC's home field at Taft Stadium, which is owned and operated by the Oklahoma City Public Schools, would undergo major renovations that directly overlap with the 2022 USL Championship season and will resume play for the 2023 USL Championship season in its temporary home at Taft Stadium.[147] This came after OKC Energy FC reached an historic agreement only roughly a month earlier renewing their lease with the school district for Taft Stadium.[148] After OKC announced that they would impose another hiatus for the 2023 USL Championship season, they have since come out with a new majority ownership group, Echo Investment Capital that would build a stadium in Bricktown with part of the money reserved from the city's MAPS 4 penny tax initiative, with plans to return for the 2027 USL Championship season.[149][150]

End of MLS partnership (2021–2022)

[edit]
Main article: 2022 USL Championship season

On December 6, 2021, Major League Soccer announced MLS Next Pro, a Division III league that would begin play in 2022. The MLS–USL partnership that started in 2014 came to an end: all MLS clubs with reserve teams in USL Championship or USL League One would be moving their affiliated teams to MLS Next Pro by 2023, with the exception of Loudoun United FC (although under different ownership).[151] On December 10, 2021, the USL Championship approved a new ownership group for USL Championship club Austin Bold FC. The new ownership group consists of Donnie Nelson, Neil Leibman, and Bobby Epstein. The team has not participated since the 2021 USL Championship season as it actively seeks relocation to another city in Texas.[152]

On January 27, 2022, the USL officially awarded USL Pro Iowa an expansion team to be based in Des Moines, Iowa, that would join the league in the 2024 season. The team's majority owner is Kyle Krause, who has been the majority owner of USL League Two side Des Moines Menace since 1998.[153] On July 14, 2022, the USL announced a group that intended to bring USL Championship and Super League teams to New Orleans, Louisiana, with a goal for the Championship side to kick off by 2025.[154]

Rhode Island FC (pictured) was one of many clubs announced as expansion franchises into the Championship during the late 2010s-early 20s.

On August 12, 2022, ground was broken in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, on Centreville Bank Stadium that will be the permanent home of Rhode Island FC.[155] The team began play in the 2024 season in Smithfield, Rhode Island, as the construction is completed in Pawtucket.[156] On August 30, 2022, the USL announced that a group of investors had formed to bring USL Championship and USL Super League expansion teams to Jacksonville, Florida, with the goal for the Championship side to kick off in 2025.[157] On October 19, 2022, the USL awarded an expansion team to USL Milwaukee, set to begin play in 2025 with plans to build an 8,000-seat stadium in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.[158]

Recent history (2023–present)

[edit]
Main articles: 2023 USL Championship season and 2024 USL Championship season

On July 12, 2023, the USL awarded an expansion team to a team that would later be called Ozark United FC[159] with the intent to bring USL Championship and Super League teams to Rogers, Arkansas, with a goal for the Championship and Super League sides to kick off by 2026 and play in a new 5,000-seat stadium.[160]

On August 7, 2023, North Carolina FC majority owner Steve Malik announced that the club would come back from USL League One to the USL Championship starting from the 2024 season.[161]

The San Diego Loyal SC (pictured) were one of a handful of teams in the USL Championship affected by MLS expansion.

On August 24, 2023, San Diego Loyal ownership announced that the team would shut down at the end of the season due to an inability to find a "viable near- and long-term stadium solution".[162] and the USL announced that it would transfer the franchise rights of the Loyal.[163] The announcement came three months after Major League Soccer announced a San Diego expansion team that would begin play in 2025 as San Diego FC.[162] The club's final game was a 4–3 extra-time playoff quarterfinal loss to Phoenix Rising, the eventual playoff champions.[164]

On November 29, 2023, it was announced that Milwaukee's expansion would be deferred to the 2026 season.[165] On December 14, 2023, the USL awarded an expansion team to USL Palm Beach with the intent to bring USL Championship and Super League teams to Palm Beach County, Florida, with a goal for the Super League side to kick off by 2025.[166]

On December 18, 2023, Rio Grande Valley FC Toros announced they were ceasing all soccer and business operations, officially ending their eight-year business partnership with USL.[167]

On March 7, 2024, it was announced that Brooklyn FC, originally vying for a spot in League One, would instead move their efforts to try to get a team in the Championship by 2025, along with getting their women's side to play in the inaugural USL Super League season in 2024, both playing at Maimonides Park, the home also to baseball's Brooklyn Cyclones.[168] This effort would be later pushed back to 2026.[169]

In August 2024, the USL announced that Lexington SC would move from League One to the Championship in the 2025 season.[170]

On November 13, 2024, the USL announced that Memphis 901 FC would cease operations, with their franchise rights being moved to Santa Barbara Sky FC. The Sky, initially planning to play in League One in 2025, will now begin play in the Championship starting with the 2026 season.[171] Memphis's last game was their quarterfinal playoff loss to Orange County.

Teams

[edit]
class=notpageimage|
Locations of teams in the USL Championship
  • Western Conference
  • Eastern Conference
  • On hiatus (Expected 2027)
  • 2026
  • 2026, Not Listed On League Website
  • 2027
  • TBD

The following teams are playing in the 2025 season.[172]

Overview of USL Championship teams
Conference Team City Stadium Capacity Founded Joined Head coach
Eastern Conference Birmingham Legion FC Birmingham, Alabama Protective Stadium[i][173] 47,100 2017 2019 England Mark Briggs[174]
Charleston Battery Mount Pleasant, South Carolina Patriots Point Soccer Complex[ii][175] 3,900 1993 2011 United States Ben Pirmann[176]
Detroit City FC Hamtramck, Michigan Keyworth Stadium[i][177][ii][178] 7,933 2012 2022 England Danny Dichio[179]
Hartford Athletic Hartford, Connecticut Trinity Health Stadium[ii][180] 5,500 2018 2019 United States Brendan Burke[181]
Indy Eleven Indianapolis, Indiana Carroll Stadium[i][182] 10,524 2013 2018 England Sean McAuley[183]
Loudoun United FC Leesburg, Virginia Segra Field[ii][184] 5,000 2018 2019 United States Ryan Martin
Louisville City FC Louisville, Kentucky Lynn Family Stadium[ii][185] 15,304 2014 2015 United States Danny Cruz[186]
Miami FC University Park, Florida Pitbull Stadium[i][187] 20,000 2015 2020 Argentina Gastόn Maddoni
North Carolina FC Cary, North Carolina WakeMed Soccer Park[ii][188] 10,000 2006 2007 United States John Bradford[189][190]
Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Highmark Stadium[ii][191] 5,000 1998 2011 United States Bob Lilley[192]
Rhode Island FC Pawtucket, Rhode Island Centreville Bank Stadium[ii][193] 10,500 2019 2024 Bermuda Khano Smith[194]
Tampa Bay Rowdies St. Petersburg, Florida Al Lang Stadium[iii][195] 7,227 2008 2017 Scotland Robbie Neilson[196]
Western Conference Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC Colorado Springs, Colorado Weidner Field[ii][197] 8,000 2013 2015 Republic of Ireland James Chambers[198]
El Paso Locomotive FC El Paso, Texas Southwest University Park[iii][199] 9,500 2018 2019 Colombia Wilmer Cabrera[200]
Las Vegas Lights FC Las Vegas, Nevada Cashman Field[ii][201][202] 9,334 2017 2018 Italy Giovanni Troise (interim)
Lexington SC Lexington, Kentucky Lexington SC Stadium[ii][203] 7,500 2021[204][205] 2025[206] United States Terry Boss[207]
Monterey Bay FC Seaside, California Cardinale Stadium[ii][208] 6,000 2021 2022 England Jordan Stewart[209]
New Mexico United Albuquerque, New Mexico Rio Grande Credit Union Field[iii][210][ii][211] 13,500 2018 2019 United States Dennis Sanchez
Oakland Roots SC Oakland, California Oakland Coliseum[i] 15,000 2018 2021 United States Benny Feilhaber[212]
Orange County SC Irvine, California Championship Soccer Stadium[ii][213] 5,000 2010 2011 England Danny Stone
Phoenix Rising FC Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix Rising Soccer Stadium[ii][214] 10,000 2014 Norway Pa-Modou Kah
Sacramento Republic FC Sacramento, California Heart Health Park[ii][215][ii][216] 11,569 2012 2014 Scotland Neill Collins[217]
San Antonio FC San Antonio, Texas Toyota Field[ii][218] 8,296 2016 United States Carlos Llamosa[219]
FC Tulsa Tulsa, Oklahoma Oneok Field[iii][220] 7,833 2013 2015 United States Luke Spencer[221]

Expansion teams

[edit]
Overview of USL Championship planned teams
Team City Stadium Capacity Founded Joining Head coach On League Website
Brooklyn FC[222] Brooklyn, New York City, New York Maimonides Park[iii][223] 7,000 2023[224] 2026[225] Yes
Sporting Club Jacksonville[226] Jacksonville, Florida TBD TBD 2022 2026[227][228] Yes
Santa Barbara Sky FC[229] Santa Barbara, California Harder Stadium[i][230] 17,000 2022 2026[231] Yes
Milwaukee Pro Soccer[232] Milwaukee, Wisconsin Iron District Stadium[ii][233] 8,000 2022 2026[233][234] Yes
Buffalo Pro Soccer[235] Buffalo, New York Buffalo Pro Soccer Stadium[ii][236] TBD 2024 2027[237] No
Atlético Dallas[238][239] Garland, Texas Cotton Bowl[240] 90,000 2024 2027[241] Yes
Ozark United FC[242][243] Rogers, Arkansas Ozark United Stadium[ii][244] 5,000 2023 2027[245] No
USL Pro Iowa[246][247] Des Moines, Iowa Pro Iowa Stadium[ii][248] 6,300 2022 TBD[249] Yes
USL Palm Beach[250] Palm Beach County, Florida TBD TBD 2023 TBD No

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f Shared facility; not a soccer-specific stadium
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Soccer-specific stadium
  3. ^ a b c d e Baseball park
Overview of inactive USL Championship teams
Club City Stadium Capacity Joined Last played Notes
OKC Energy FC Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Bricktown Stadium 7,500 2014 2021 Planned 2027 return, pending new stadium completion[251][252][253]

Former teams

[edit]
Overview of former USL Championship teams
Club City Stadium Capacity Joined Final season MLS affiliation Fate
Antigua Barracuda FC St. John's, Antigua Stanford Cricket Ground 5,000 2011 2013 None Folded[40]
Atlanta United 2 Kennesaw, Georgia Fifth Third Bank Stadium[i] 8,318 2018 2022 Atlanta United Moved to MLS Next Pro[254]
Austin Bold FC Austin, Texas Circuit of the Americas 5,000 2017 2021 None Folded[152]
Austin Aztex Austin, Texas House Park[i] 6,500 2015 Columbus Crew SC Folded[58][59]
Charlotte Eagles Charlotte, North Carolina Dickson Field[ii] 5,006 2011 2014 None Moved to Premier Development League[iii][55]
Charlotte Independence Charlotte, North Carolina Memorial Stadium[ii] 10,500 2014 2021 None Moved to USL League One[255]
FC Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio Nippert Stadium[i] 33,800 2015 2018 None Moved to Major League Soccer[107]
Dayton Dutch Lions West Carrollton, Ohio DOC Stadium[i] 3,000 2011 2014 Columbus Crew SC Moved to Premier Development League[iii][51]
FC Montreal Montreal, Quebec Complexe sportif Claude-Robillard[i] 3,500 2015 2016 Montreal Impact Folded by MLS parent club[83]
F.C. New York Queens, New York Belson Stadium[ii] 2,168 2011 None Moved to National Premier Soccer League[29]
Fresno FC Fresno, California Chukchansi Park[iv] 12,500 2017 2019 None Relocated to Monterey County, California, became Monterey Bay FC[128]
LA Galaxy II Carson, California Dignity Health Sports Park[i] 10,000 2014 2022 LA Galaxy Moved to MLS Next Pro[254]
Memphis 901 FC Memphis, Tennessee AutoZone Park[iv] 10,000 2018 2024 None Folded; USL rights transferred to Santa Barbara Sky FC[256]
Nashville SC Nashville, Tennessee First Horizon Park[iv] 10,000 2016 2019 None Moved to Major League Soccer[127]
New York Red Bulls II Montclair, New Jersey MSU Soccer Park[ii] 5,000 2015 2022 New York Red Bulls Moved to MLS Next Pro[254]
Orlando City B Orlando, Florida Inter&Co Stadium[ii] 3,500 2016 2017 Orlando City SC Moved to USL League One[257][112]
Orlando City SC Bay Lake, Florida ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex[i] 5,500 2011 2014 Sporting Kansas City Moved to Major League Soccer;[52][258] USL rights transferred to Louisville
Ottawa Fury FC Ottawa, Ontario TD Place Stadium[i] 24,000 2017 2019 Montreal Impact Folded[129] USL rights transferred to Miami[259]
Penn FC Harrisburg, Pennsylvania FNB Field[iv] 6,187 2011 2018 None Folded[113]
Philadelphia Union II Chester, Pennsylvania Subaru Park[ii] 18,500 2015 2020 Philadelphia Union Moved to MLS Next Pro[254]
Phoenix FC Tempe, Arizona Sun Devil Soccer Stadium[i] 3,400 2013 None Folded; replaced by Arizona United SC[v]
Portland Timbers 2 Hillsboro, Oregon Hillsboro Stadium[i] 7,600 2015 2020 Portland Timbers Moved to MLS Next Pro[254]
Puerto Rico United[vi] Aguada, Puerto Rico Aguada Stadium[ii] 4,000 2011 None Moved to Liga Nacional (PR)
Real Monarchs Herriman, Utah Zions Bank Stadium[ii] 5,000 2015 2021 Real Salt Lake Moved to MLS Next Pro[254]
Reno 1868 FC Reno, Nevada Greater Nevada Field[iv] 9,013 2017 2020 San Jose Earthquakes Folded[141]
Richmond Kickers Richmond, Virginia City Stadium[ii] 22,000 2011 2018 D.C. United Moved to USL League One[260]
Rio Grande Valley FC Edinburg, Texas H-E-B Park[ii] 9,400 2016 2023 None Folded[261][262][167]
River Plate Puerto Rico[vi] Fajardo, Puerto Rico Roberto Clemente Stadium[i] 12,500 2011 None Moved to Puerto Rico Soccer League
Rochester Rhinos Rochester, New York Rochester Community Sports Complex Stadium[ii] 13,768 2011 2017 New England Revolution Moved to MLS Next Pro[263][254]
Saint Louis FC Fenton, Missouri West Community Stadium[ii] 5,500 2014 2020 None Folded[264][265]
San Diego Loyal SC San Diego, California Torero Stadium[ii] 6,000 2020 2023 None Folded[266]
Sevilla Puerto Rico[vi] Juncos, Puerto Rico Josué Elevadito González Stadium[ii] 2,500 2011 None Moved to Liga Nacional (PR)
Sporting Kansas City II Kansas City, Kansas Children's Mercy Park[ii] 18,467 2016 2021 Sporting Kansas City Moved to MLS Next Pro[254]
Tacoma Defiance Tacoma, Washington Cheney Stadium[iv] 6,500 2015 2021 Seattle Sounders FC Moved to MLS Next Pro[254]
Toronto FC II Toronto, Ontario Lamport Stadium[i] 9,600 2014 2018 Toronto FC Moved to USL League One
Vancouver Whitecaps FC 2 Vancouver, British Columbia Thunderbird Stadium[i] 3,500 2015 2017 Vancouver Whitecaps FC Moved to MLS Next Pro[254]
VSI Tampa Bay FC Plant City, Florida Plant City Stadium[i] 6,700 2013 2013 None Folded[40]
Wilmington Hammerheads FC Wilmington, North Carolina Legion Stadium[ii] 6,000 2011 2016 Toronto FC & New York City FC Moved to PDL[iii]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Shared facility
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Soccer-specific stadium
  3. ^ a b c Known as USL League Two (USL2) since the 2019 season
  4. ^ a b c d e f Baseball park
  5. ^ Renamed as Phoenix Rising FC in 2016.
  6. ^ a b c Puerto Rico United, River Plate Puerto Rico, and Sevilla Puerto Rico tried to participate in the USL's first season but had financial difficulties almost immediately and the league had to cancel all games after May and make significant changes to the remaining schedule

Timeline

[edit]

From beginning of USL Pro to reserve team exit

[edit]
Detroit City FCOakland Roots SCSan Diego Loyal SCMiami FCNew Mexico UnitedMemphis 901 FCLoudoun United FCHartford AthleticEl Paso Locomotive FCBirmingham Legion FCAustin Bold FCNorth Carolina FCNashville SC (2018–19)Las Vegas Lights FCIndy ElevenMonterey Bay FCFresno FCAtlanta United 2Tampa Bay RowdiesReno 1868 FCOttawa Fury FCSporting Kansas City IISwope Park RangersSan Antonio FCRio Grande Valley FCOrlando City BFC Cincinnati (2016–18)Philadelphia Union IIBethlehem Steel FCWhitecaps FC 2FC TulsaTulsa Roughnecks FCToronto FC IITacoma DefianceSeattle Sounders FC 2Saint Louis FCReal MonarchsPortland Timbers 2New York Red Bulls IILouisville City FCFC MontrealColorado Springs Switchbacks FCCharlotte IndependenceAustin AztexSacramento Republic FCOklahoma City Energy FCLA Galaxy IIPhoenix Rising FCArizona United SCVSI Tampa Bay FCPhoenix FCWilmington Hammerheads FCRochester New York FCRichmond KickersPittsburgh Riverhounds SCOrlando City SC (2010–2014)Orange County SCOrange County SCOrange County SCPenn FCHarrisburg City IslandersF.C. New YorkDayton Dutch LionsCharlotte EaglesCharleston BatteryAntigua Barracuda FC

‡ Puerto Rico clubs Puerto Rico United, River Plate Puerto Rico, and Sevilla Puerto Rico began play in the league, but in May 2011 United Soccer Leagues announced that the teams would not finish the season due to financial difficulties.[267]

After reserve team exit

[edit]
Ozark United FCAtlético DallasSporting Club JacksonvilleSanta Barbara Sky FCMilwaukee Pro SoccerBuffalo Pro SoccerBrooklyn FC (USL)Lexington SCRhode Island FCDetroit City FCOakland Roots SCSan Diego Loyal SCMiami FCNew Mexico UnitedMemphis 901 FCLoudoun United FCHartford AthleticEl Paso Locomotive FCBirmingham Legion FCNorth Carolina FCLas Vegas Lights FCIndy ElevenMonterey Bay FCTampa Bay RowdiesSan Antonio FCRio Grande Valley FCFC TulsaLouisville City FCColorado Springs Switchbacks FCSacramento Republic FCOklahoma City Energy FCPhoenix Rising FCPittsburgh Riverhounds SCOrange County SCCharleston Battery

Competition format

[edit]

For the 2025 season, teams play a home-and-away schedule within their conference and an additional twelve games (six home and six away) against 8 of the 12 teams in the opposing conference for an unbalanced 30-game schedule. At the conclusion of the regular season, the top eight teams in each conference will qualify for the playoffs. The USL Championship playoffs is a single-elimination tournament with a fixed bracket format, culminating in the USL Championship Final.[268]

Media coverage

[edit]

Fox Sports purchased the league's broadcasting rights for the 2011 and 2012 seasons, and aired matches on its Fox Soccer channel, while the league livestreamed matches on its USL Live website.[29] The USL has been partnered with ESPN since the 2016 season. The first iteration of the deal brought 20 matches to ESPN3 and the championship match to one of its linear networks, while all remaining matches were broadcast directly by the league on its YouTube channel.[269]

Beginning with the launch of ESPN+ on April 12, 2018, all USL matches moved to the over-the-top service, with 18 games of the week and the championship continuing to air on one of ESPN's linear channels.[270] The 2019 final will also air on ESPN Deportes. The deal with ESPN expired after the 2019 season, but was subsequently renewed for three additional seasons. Although the ESPN+ match streams are not blacked out in-market, individual clubs are also allowed to syndicate the USL-produced broadcast to local television stations.[271]

The English-language commentary team for the USL Championship on ESPN has included Mike Watts and Devon Kerr since 2018. Watts and Kerr also host a weekly program, USL All-Access, on Sirius XM FC. Broadcasts on ESPN Deportes have been led by Jesús Eduardo Acosta and José Armando Rodriguez.[272]

In August 2020, the USL announced their first international broadcast partner with Caribbean broadcaster Flow Sports.[273]

In August 2021, the USL announced a new broadcast agreement with OneFootball in Italy.[274]

The USL announced that four-year media deal with CBS Sports beginning with the 2024 season through 2027.[275] On February 27, 2024, the USL also announced multi-year deal with ESPN as a second broadcast partner through 2026.[276]

Region Broadcaster
United States CBS Sports:
(CBS, Paramount+, CBS Sports Network and CBS Sports Golazo Network)
ESPN, ESPN2 and ESPN+
Caribbean Flow Sports
Italy OneFootball

Champions

[edit]

Teams that no longer participate in the USL Championship are in italics.

Season Playoff champions Players' Shield[a]
USL Professional Division (USL Pro)
2011 Orlando City SC Orlando City SC
2012 Charleston Battery Orlando City SC
2013 Orlando City SC Richmond Kickers
2014 Sacramento Republic FC Orlando City SC
United Soccer League
2015 Rochester Rhinos Rochester Rhinos
2016 New York Red Bulls II New York Red Bulls II
2017 Louisville City FC Real Monarchs SLC
2018 Louisville City FC FC Cincinnati
USL Championship
2019 Real Monarchs SLC Phoenix Rising FC
2020 Cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic Reno 1868 FC
2021 Orange County SC Tampa Bay Rowdies
2022 San Antonio FC San Antonio FC
2023 Phoenix Rising FC Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC
2024 Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC Louisville City FC

USL Championship Final results

[edit]
Season Champions Score Runners–up Venue Attendance MVP
2011 Orlando City SC 2–2 (p) Harrisburg City Islanders Citrus Bowl 11,220 Sean Kelley (ORL)
2012 Charleston Battery 1–0 Wilmington Hammerheads Blackbaud Stadium 4,963 Jose Cuevas (CHS)
2013 Orlando City SC 7–4 Charlotte Eagles Citrus Bowl 20,886 Dom Dwyer (ORL)
2014 Sacramento Republic 2–0 Harrisburg City Islanders Bonney Field 8,000 Rodrigo López (SAC)
2015 Rochester Rhinos 2–1 (a.e.t.) LA Galaxy II Sahlen's Stadium 5,247 Asani Samuels (ROC)
2016 New York Red Bulls II 5–1 Swope Park Rangers Red Bull Arena 5,547 Brandon Allen (NYRB)
2017 Louisville City FC 1–0 Swope Park Rangers Louisville Slugger Field 14,456 Paolo DelPiccolo (LOU)
2018 Louisville City FC 1–0 Phoenix Rising FC Lynn Stadium 7,025 Luke Spencer (LOU)
2019 Real Monarchs 3–1 Louisville City FC Lynn Stadium 7,025 Konrad Plewa (SLC)
2020 Final cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic[b]
2021 Orange County SC 3–1 Tampa Bay Rowdies Al Lang Stadium 7,521 Ronaldo Damus (OCO)
2022 San Antonio FC 3–1 Louisville City FC Toyota Field 8,534 Santiago Patiño (SAN)
2023 Phoenix Rising FC 1–1 (p) Charleston Battery Patriots Point Soccer Complex 5,094 Rocco Ríos Novo (PHX)
2024 Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC 3–0 Rhode Island FC Weidner Field 8,023 Juan Tejada (COS)
  1. ^ Known as the "Commissioners Cup" from 2011 to 2014 and the "regular season champions" from 2015 to 2022.
  2. ^ The 2020 Final was scheduled to be played at Al Lang Stadium between Tampa Bay Rowdies and Phoenix Rising FC.

USL club honors

[edit]

Updated to the end of the 2024 USL playoffs; sorted by major honors (championships).

Team Seasons USL playoffs USL regular season Total honors Major honors /
championships
Winner Runner-up Winner Runner-up
Orlando City SC 4 2 — 3 1 6 5
Louisville City FC 10 2 2 1 3 8 3
Phoenix Rising FC 11 1 2[a] 1 — 4 2
Rochester Rhinos 7 1 — 1 1 3 2
New York Red Bulls II 8 1 — 1 — 2 2
Real Monarchs 7 1 — 1 — 2 2
San Antonio FC 9 1 — 1 — 2 2
Tampa Bay Rowdies 8 — 2[a] 1 — 3 1
Sacramento Republic 11 1 — — 1 2 1
Charleston Battery 14 1 1 — — 2 1
Orange County SC 14 1 — — — 1 1
Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC 10 1 — — — 1 1
FC Cincinnati 3 — — 1 — 1 1
Reno 1868 FC 4 — — 1 — 1 1
Richmond Kickers 8 — — 1 — 1 1
Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC 14 — — 1 — 1 1
Harrisburg City Islanders 8 — 2 — — 2 0
Wilmington Hammerheads 6 — 1 — 1 2 0
Sporting Kansas City II 6 — 2 — — 2 0
LA Galaxy II 8 — 1 — — 1 0
Charlotte Eagles 4 — 1 — — 1 0
Rhode Island FC 1 — 1 — — 1 0
  1. ^ a b Includes the canceled 2020 finals.

Player records

[edit]
As of January 27, 2024[277]
  1. > NOTE: Active players in any capacity are bolded. <
Most USL clean sheets
Rank Player CS
1 United States Evan Newton 57
2 United States Brandon Miller 43
3 Cuba Odisnel Cooper 40
4 United States Matt Pickens 37
United States Tomas Gomez 37
5 Puerto Rico Cody Laurendi 36
6 United States Carl Woszczynski 34
7 Greece Alex Tambakis 33
8 Mexico Miguel Gallardo 32
United States Andrew Dykstra 32

Attendance

[edit]

FC Cincinnati played before a record crowd of 20,497 at Nippert Stadium on April 16, 2016, in a rivalry match against neighboring Louisville City FC.[278] This broke the USL Pro's previous record for attendance at a regular-season match of 20,231 set by Sacramento Republic in its home debut on April 26, 2014, at Hughes Stadium.[279] Cincinnati broke the record again on May 14, 2016, with a new all-time high of 23,375.[280] Cincinnati broke the single game attendance record again on October 2, 2016, in their first ever playoff match against the Charleston Battery, losing 2–1 in the quarterfinals of the 2016 USL playoffs. The attendance of 30,187 also set the USL playoff record.[281]

Cincinnati broke the regular season record again on August 5, 2017, at Nippert Stadium, drawing 25,308 against Orlando City B. They broke their own record again about six weeks later drawing 30,417 to a 4–2 win over the New York Red Bulls II.[282] Cincinnati broke the record once more in their final home regular season game as a USL team on September 29, 2018, drawing 31,478 versus Indy Eleven.[283]

Season Teams League avg. Playoff avg. Highest teams Lowest teams Ref
2011 12 2,274 5,555 5,330 (Orlando City)
4,927 (Rochester)		 410 (Los Angeles Blues)
542 (Dayton)		 [284]
2012 11 2,777 4,252 6,606 (Orlando City)
6,265 (Rochester)		 666 (Los Angeles Blues)
722 (Dayton)		 [285]
2013 13 2,611 6,989 8,056 (Orlando City)
5,898 (Rochester)		 378 (VSI Tampa Bay)
718 (Los Angeles Blues)		 [286]
2014 14 3,114 5,397 11,293 (Sacramento)
5,329 (Rochester)		 533 (Dayton)
597 (LA Galaxy II)		 [287]
2015 24 3,369 5,463 11,313 (Sacramento)
6,765 (Louisville City)		 313 (FC Montreal)
479 (Toronto FC ll)		 [288]
2016 29 3,439 5,281 17,296 (FC Cincinnati)
11,514 (Sacramento)		 243 (FC Montreal)
589 (New York Red Bulls II)		 [289]
2017 30 4,302 5,339 21,198 (FC Cincinnati)
11,569 (Sacramento)		 632 (New York Red Bulls II)
869 (Vancouver Whitecaps 2)
2018 33 4,923 7,786 25,717 (FC Cincinnati)
11,311 (Sacramento)		 810 (Toronto FC II)
812 (New York Red Bulls II)		 [290]
2019 36 4,478 5,389 12,693 (New Mexico United)
10,734 (Indy Eleven)		 478 (Bethlehem Steel FC)
505 (Swope Park Rangers)
2020 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
2021 31 4,138 6,645 12,115 (Louisville City)
10,418 (New Mexico United)		 310 (Loudoun United)
369 (New York Red Bulls II)		 [291][292]
2022 27 5,061 7,841 14,673 (Louisville City FC)
14,519 (New Mexico United)		 122 (New York Red Bulls II)
182 (New York Red Bulls II)		 [293]
2023 24 5,803 6,394 10,627 (Sacramento)
10,547 (Louisville City) 		1,432 (Miami FC)
2,664 (Loudoun United) 		[294]

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[edit]

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