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Gender gaps in mathematics and reading Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_gaps_in_mathematics_and_reading

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The gender gaps in mathematics and reading achievement refer to the finding that, on average, boys and girls perform differently in mathematics and reading skills on tests. On average, boys and men score somewhat better in mathematics, while girls and women score somewhat better in reading skills.[1][2][3]

Mathematics and reading gaps by country

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The Programme for International Student Assessment assesses the performance of 15-year-olds in mathematics and reading in OECD and OECD partner countries.[4] The table below lists the scores of the PISA 2009 assessment in mathematics and reading by country, as well as the difference between girls and boys. Gaps in bold font mean that the gender gap is statistically significant (p<0.05). A positive mathematics gap means that boys outperform girls, while a negative mathematics gap means that girls outperform boys. A positive reading gap means that girls outperform boys (this is true in every country, so no country has a negative reading gap). There is a negative correlation between the mathematics and reading gender gaps, that is, nations with a larger mathematics gap have a smaller reading gap and vice versa.[1]

Country Mathematics score Mathematics gender gap Reading score Reading gender gap
Colombia 382 32 413 10
Costa Rica 410 26 442 14
Liechtenstein 535 24 500 32
Belgium 515 22 506 27
UK 492 21 494 26
Chile 420 21 450 22
Austria 496 20 470 41
Luxembourg 489 20 472 39
 Switzerland 534 20 500 39
US 487 20 500 25
Spain 484 19 482 29
Peru 365 18 370 22
Netherlands 526 17 508 25
Venezuela Miranda 398 17 421 18
Denmark 503 16 494 29
France 497 16 495 40
Germany 512 15 498 40
Italy 482 15 487 46
Brazil 386 15 411 28
Greece 466 14 482 47
HK 554 14 534 32
Mexico 418 13 426 25
Canada 527 12 524 35
Hungary 490 12 494 38
Portugal 487 12 489 38
Tunisia 372 12 402 31
Uruguay 427 12 424 41
Montenegro 402 12 408 52
Argentina 388 11 397 36
Turkey 446 11 464 43
Macao 526 11 487 34
Serbia 442 11 442 40
Croatia 460 11 478 51
Australia 514 10 514 37
Japan 529 10 520 39
Ireland 487 8 496 39
New Zealand 519 8 522 45
Israel 447 8 474 43
Azerbaijan 431 8 362 24
Estonia 512 8 502 44
Singapore 562 6 526 31
Czech Republic 492 5 480 48
Norway 498 5 504 47
Chinese Taipei 544 5 496 37
Panama 360 5 370 33
Korea 546 4 540 35
Poland 495 4 500 49
Romania 427 4 424 42
Thailand 419 4 419 38
Mauritius 420 4 406 40
Finland 540 3 536 55
Iceland 506 3 500 44
Slovakia 496 3 478 51
Moldova 398 3 388 45
Latvia 482 2 484 47
Russia 468 2 460 45
Slovenia 502 1 484 55
Kazakhstan 405 0 390 43
Indonesia 372 -1 402 37
Jordan 386 -1 406 57
Sweden 494 -2 498 46
China Shanghai 600 -2 556 40
Georgia 380 -3 374 61
Malaysia 404 -3 414 35
Bulgaria 428 -4 430 61
Qatar 368 -5 372 50
Kyrgyzstan 331 -6 314 53
Lithuania 477 -6 468 59
United Arab Emirates 421 -6 431 58
India Tamil Nadu 350 -7 335 36
Trinidad and Tobago 414 -8 416 58
Albania 378 -11 386 62
Malta 462 -15 442 72

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Stoet, Gijsbert; Geary, David C (2013). "Sex differences in mathematics and reading achievement are inversely related: Within-and across-nation assessment of 10 years of PISA data". PLOS ONE. 8 (3). Public Library of Science: e57988. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...857988S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057988. PMC 3596327. PMID 23516422.
  2. ^ Geary, David C. (2010). Male, Female (2nd ed.). Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association.
  3. ^ Halpern, Diane F. (2012). Sex differences in Cognitive Abilities (4th ed.). New York: Psychology Press.
  4. ^ PISA 2009 Results: Executive Summary (PDF), OECD, 2010, retrieved 30 July 2013