Draft:Topic 1: Energy and ventilation simulation modelling Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:Topic_1:_Energy_and_ventilation_simulation_modelling

Draft article not currently submitted for review. This is a draft Articles for creation (AfC) submission. It is not currently pending review. While there are no deadlines, abandoned drafts may be deleted after six months. To edit the draft click on the "Edit" tab at the top of the window. To be accepted, a draft should: Show the subject qualifies for a Wikipedia article by using multiple sources that meet four criteria. The sources should be (1) reliable (2) secondary (3) independent of the subject (4) talk about the subject in some depth. For some topics, there are alternative criteria. Be written from a neutral point of view Respect copyright and do not plagiarize. Do not copy-paste. It is strongly discouraged to write about yourself, your business or employer. If you do so, you must declare it. Where to get help If you need help editing or submitting your draft, please ask us a question at the AfC Help Desk or get live help from experienced editors. These venues are only for help with editing and the submission process, not to get reviews. If you need feedback on your draft, or if the review is taking a lot of time, you can try asking for help on the talk page of a relevant WikiProject. Some WikiProjects are more active than others so a speedy reply is not guaranteed. How to improve a draft Wikipedia:Contributing to Wikipedia – a basic overview on how to edit Wikipedia. Help:Wikitext – how to use the markup Help:Referencing for beginners – how to include references Wikipedia:Article development – how to develop your article Wikipedia:Writing better articles – how to improve your article Wikipedia:Verifiability – make sure your article includes reliable third-party sources You can also browse Wikipedia:Featured articles and Wikipedia:Good articles to find examples of Wikipedia's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article. Improving your odds of a speedy review To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant WikiProject tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the Biography, Astronomy, and Women scientists tags. Add tags to your draft Editor resources Easy tools: Citation bot (help) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs Last edited by C.Fred (talk | contribs) 5 months ago. (Update) Submit the draft for review!

• Comment: Wikipedia is a collaborative encyclopedia. It is not a place to draft a group assignment for school. —C.Fred (talk) 17:02, 1 January 2025 (UTC)

=== 1. Introduction === Kinah

Definition and scope of energy and ventilation simulation modelling.

Nowadays, carbon neutrality is a common goal for many countries in the world as the promising response to global climate change with the ever increasing energy demand and carbon emissions. The building sector is key to the achievement of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality commitment as it accounts for about 40% of global energy-related car bon emissions.^[1]. In following the path, there is a crucial action to be taken in ensuring efficient used of energy in a building. Therefore, in improving energy efficiency and thermal performance in buildings implementation of efficient control strategy for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are important. As such, energy and ventilation simulation modelling are done to simulate the behavior of the HVAC systems in the building.

Energy and ventilation simulation modeling refers to the use of computational tools and techniques to simulate the behavior of energy systems and airflow dynamics within a building or a space. These models are used to predict how energy is consumed, transferred, and stored in a building, as well as to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of ventilation systems in maintaining indoor air quality, comfort, and energy performance. Simulation models can vary in complexity, from simple models for specific systems (like HVAC systems or lighting) to integrated models that account for multiple factors (thermal performance, energy consumption, airflow, moisture control, etc.) across entire buildings or facilities.

Key components typically modeled include:

1. Energy use (heating, cooling, lighting, equipment)
2. Thermal performance (heat gains, losses, insulation, passive solar heating, etc.)
3. Ventilation systems (airflow rates, distribution, air quality, system energy demand)
4. Indoor environmental quality (temperature, humidity, CO₂ levels, air distribution)

Scope of Energy Simulation:

1. Design Phase: During the design phase, energy simulation is employed to optimize design strategies for low-carbon and net-zero buildings. This involves performance-driven design approaches that integrate energy efficiency from the outset^[2]
2. Operational Phase: In the operational phase, physics-based energy models simulate the performance of building energy systems, helping to optimize control strategies for HVAC systems and other energy-consuming equipment . This includes real-time monitoring and adjustments based on actual usage patterns.
3. Calibration and Validation: Accurate energy simulation requires calibration of models using measured data and weather conditions to ensure that simulations reflect actual energy use. This process is essential for improving the reliability of predictions .

Scope of Ventilation Simulation:

1. Indoor Air Quality: Ventilation simulation focuses on maintaining indoor air quality by analyzing airflow patterns, temperature distribution, and humidity levels. This is crucial for occupant comfort and health.
2. Integration with Energy Models: Ventilation models are often integrated with energy simulation tools to provide a comprehensive view of how ventilation impacts overall energy consumption. This integration helps in understanding the trade-offs between energy efficiency and indoor environmental quality.
3. Dynamic Modelling: Advanced simulation techniques, such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), are used to model complex airflow patterns and thermal dynamics within buildings, providing insights into how different design choices affect energy use and comfort.

Importance in modern building design and performance optimization.

Energy and ventilation simulation modeling has become crucial in modern building design and performance optimization due to its capacity to predict, analyze, and optimize a building's energy usage, occupant comfort, and environmental impact. As the demand for energy-efficient, sustainable, and healthy buildings continues to rise, the role of simulation modeling becomes even more pivotal in achieving these goals. Below are key reasons why energy and ventilation simulation is essential in modern building design and performance optimization:

1. Energy Efficiency: Simulation models help design buildings that use less energy for heating, cooling, and lighting by optimizing systems such as HVAC and insulation. This leads to lower operational costs and reduced environmental impact.
2. Indoor Comfort and Air Quality: Models ensure optimal thermal comfort and ventilation, maintaining healthy indoor air quality and comfortable temperatures without excessive energy consumption.
3. Sustainability: Simulation modeling aids in creating energy-efficient and sustainable buildings by reducing carbon footprints and integrating renewable energy sources like solar panels or wind energy.
4. Regulatory Compliance: Simulations are used to ensure buildings meet local energy codes and green building certifications (e.g., LEED, BREEAM), proving they adhere to required energy performance standards.
5. Cost Savings: By identifying optimal design solutions early in the process, simulations reduce construction costs, prevent costly design changes, and support long-term energy savings.
6. Performance Monitoring: After construction, simulation models help monitor and optimize building performance, identifying areas for improvement and ensuring systems continue to operate efficiently over time.

Role in achieving sustainability and occupant comfort goals.

Energy and ventilation simulation modeling plays a key role in achieving sustainability and occupant comfort in building design. By predicting energy use and optimizing systems like heating, cooling, and lighting, simulations help reduce energy consumption, lower costs, and minimize a building’s carbon footprint, contributing to environmental sustainability. These models also support the integration of renewable energy sources, such as solar or wind, and help buildings meet green certifications like LEED. For occupant comfort, simulations ensure optimal indoor temperatures, healthy air quality, and effective ventilation, improving overall well-being. They also help control noise levels and adapt spaces to different occupant needs, enhancing comfort and productivity.

=== 2. Key Concepts === Kinah

Energy Simulation:

• Predicting energy usage for heating, cooling, and lighting.
• Impact of building envelope, materials, and design.

Energy simulation predicts a building's energy usage for heating, cooling, and lighting based on factors like the building’s design, materials, and location. It helps optimize energy consumption by analyzing the impact of the building envelope (walls, windows, insulation) and materials used in construction, ensuring the building is energy-efficient. This simulation supports design decisions that reduce energy demand and operational costs, contributing to sustainability.

Ventilation Simulation:

• Modelling airflow patterns and ventilation rates.
• Ensuring indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal comfort.

Ventilation simulation models airflow patterns and ventilation rates to ensure proper air distribution and indoor air quality (IAQ). By simulating different ventilation strategies, these models help maintain a balance between adequate air exchange and energy efficiency. They also ensure thermal comfort, optimizing indoor temperatures and humidity levels for occupant well-being, while preventing issues like indoor pollutants or moisture buildup.

1. Simulation Software:
   • Common tools: EnergyPlus, OpenStudio, DesignBuilder.
2. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD):
   • Analysing airflow and pollutant dispersion.
3. Building Information Modelling (BIM):
   • Integration for visualization and data sharing.

1. Building Design:
   • Optimizing energy efficiency and ventilation strategies.
2. Retrofit Projects:
   • Identifying cost-effective upgrades for existing buildings.
3. Green Certification:
   • Supporting certifications like LEED and WELL.

1. Complexity of integrating diverse modelling parameters.
2. High computational requirements for detailed simulations.
3. Ensuring accuracy of input data and assumptions.

1. Use of AI and machine learning for simulation optimization.
2. Real-time simulations with IoT integration.
3. Enhanced collaboration through cloud-based modelling tools.

1. Summary of the importance of energy and ventilation simulation.
2. Call to adopt advanced tools for sustainable and efficient building designs.